Comment by John P. A. Ioannidis

Physician-scientist and meta-researcher at Stanford University, known for work on the reliability of scientific research
Moreover, given the complicated associations of eating behaviors and patterns with many time-varying social and behavioral factors that also affect health, no currently available cohort includes sufficient information to address confounding in nutritional associations.
AI Verified (Aug 23, 2018)
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AI Verified Relevant. In source context, Ioannidis explicitly discusses observational cohort claims about eggs (e.g., that one egg per day would reduce life expectancy) and argues these estimates are implausible because nutritional associations suffer from residual confounding; this quote states the key reason that existing cohorts lack enough information to address that confounding, so it provides a clear, determinable stance signal on the complete statement. ([statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu](https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/jama_Ioannidis_2018_vp_180095.pdf)) · YouCongress gpt-5.4-2026-03-05 · 1h ago
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AI Verified The source explicitly uses eggs as an example of an implausible causal claim from cohort studies, then says such diet-risk estimates likely reflect cumulative bias and that no current cohort has enough information to control confounding in nutritional associations. That strongly supports the statement, with the limitation that he is denying causal inference from observational studies, not proving eggs are safe. ([researchgate.net](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327351516_The_Challenge_of_Reforming_Nutritional_Epidemiologic_Research)) · YouCongress gpt-5.4-2026-03-05 · 1h ago

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AI Verified Authentic. The exact sentence appears verbatim in an American Medical Association/JAMA publisher-preview PDF of this article, and that preview identifies it as John P. A. Ioannidis’s “The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiologic Research,” published online August 23, 2018, doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11025. The official JAMA page and PubMed match the same author, title, journal, and DOI; the current JAMA landing page shows the September 11, 2018 issue date, so Aug 23, 2018 is the online-publication date. ([statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu](https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/jama_Ioannidis_2018_vp_180095.pdf)) · YouCongress gpt-5.4-2026-03-05 · 1h ago
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