Comment by Apollo Research

Meaningful external testing must therefore operate continuously and close to where risks emerge, with direct access to investigate concerning findings immediately. If the next serious incident could be catastrophic, there is little margin for error. Meaningful oversight therefore requires both embedded evaluators and the requirements we set out below, from employee-like access to protections against dismissal. [...] Evaluators must be protected against being dismissed for unfavorable findings. [...] Evaluators should be legally able to alert authorities to extreme risks. [...] In such cases, the embedded evaluator should be legally allowed to inform the relevant authorities, similar to whistleblower protections for employees.