The EU should build sovereign AI infrastructure to reduce dependence on US providers

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Key insights

Many quotes on both sides treat AI infrastructure as strategically important; the disagreement is over whether sovereignty requires a broad European stack or a more open model.
Supporters usually define sovereignty broadly, extending beyond server location to control over compute, data, models, weights, auditing, jurisdiction, and access.
A notable split within pro-sovereignty quotes is between building Europe's own intelligence and merely hosting foreign models on European soil.
Several supportive voices explicitly reject total independence, framing the goal as reducing excessive dependencies, preserving portability and choice, and cooperating with allies.
Institutional EU statements emphasize AI Factories, Gigafactories, datacentres, and supercomputers, while several industry and trade-association critics stress open investment, software, and avoiding fragmented rules.

Arguments for

Strategic autonomy and resilience

Proponents argue that dependence on non-European AI infrastructure leaves Europe vulnerable in essential services and future access to advanced models. In this view, infrastructure and computing power that Europe does not control can raise costs, restrict choices, or leave formal sovereignty intact while weakening practical control.

We cannot afford to depend on others for the technologies that keep our hospitals running, our energy grids stable and our services secure. This is about protecting our citizens, defending our interests and making our own choices. Europe has the talent, the research excellence, t…

Ursula von der Leyen · Jun 3, 2026 · full quote
To use the most advanced AI models, we largely depend on non-European infrastructure, and not just for the software itself. At best, this dependence will increase our costs. At worst, it will restrict our access to the most advanced AI models, which would be disastrous for Europe…

René Obermann · Jul 15, 2026 · full quote
AI is now a critical infrastructure, as essential as electricity or the Internet. An infrastructure whose models and computing power we do not control is an infrastructure that others can unplug.

Édouard Philippe · Jun 13, 2026 · full quote
Reliance on American or Chinese AI could progressively constrain their choices across industry, defense, science, health, information, culture, and politics, leaving formal sovereignty superficially intact while weakening practical control over the systems on which their societie…

Douglas A. Rediker · Sep 8, 2026 · full quote
De Europese AI-infrastructuur is sterk afhankelijk van niet-Europese aanbieders, wat in deze tijd van geopolitieke spanning economische en veiligheidsrisico’s met zich meebrengt. Het kabinet wil daarom strategische afhankelijkheden in de wereldwijde AI-waardeketen terugdringen en…

Government of the Netherlands · Jul 3, 2026 · full quote

Compute capacity and production

Supporters say Europe lacks sufficient compute and must accelerate data centres, chips, energy infrastructure, and AI Factories or Gigafactories to remain competitive and resilient. They present this buildout as the basis for making large-scale AI services available in Europe and for turning Europe into a producer of AI solutions rather than mainly an adopter.

These facilities represent a major investment in Europe's AI future, strengthening technological leadership, resilience and strategic autonomy through cutting-edge AI computing infrastructure built and operated in Europe. AI Gigafactories, together with AI Factories, will make AI…

European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) · Jul 30, 2026 · full quote
Europe controls only a fraction of the global AI infrastructure, but is a major user. While the United States accounts for about 75 percent of the world’s high-performance computing capacity for modern AI, and China about 15 percent, Europe lags far behind with less than 5 percen…

Clemens Fuest · Jun 19, 2026 · full quote
We will upgrade our unique public network of supercomputers into AI Factories and AI Gigafactories. At the same time, we are expanding Europe's computing capacity through the recent Cloud and AI Development Act, paving the way for a sovereign AI ecosystem with a strong emphasis o…

European Union · Jul 7, 2026 · full quote
Today, we’ve taken a bold and swift step towards proceeding with establishing AI gigafactories in Europe. AI is one of the most critical technologies of our time, defining our digital future, and investing in the needed infrastructure capacity for AI is essential for boosting Eur…

Nicodemos Damianou · Jan 16, 2026 · full quote
Europe needs to be a producer of AI solutions for the entire world, not a laggard that adopts solutions developed by others.

Luc Frieden · May 7, 2026 · full quote

Control beyond hosting

Advocates define sovereignty as more than locating servers in Europe: it includes control over data access, model choice, model weights, portability, auditing, and the capacity to train, improve, distribute, and maintain powerful models. By this account, hosting foreign intelligence on European soil is not the same as owning and governing core AI capability.

Europe should not build excellent, secure and well-regulated infrastructure whose principal role is to host models developed in the United States or China. We must also retain the knowledge, capital, compute and institutional capacity required to train, improve, distribute and ma…

Jose Carretero · Jul 20, 2026 · full quote
La promesse d'« IA souveraine européenne » a discrètement glissé de « nous construisons l'intelligence » à « nous hébergeons l'intelligence des autres sur le sol européen ». Ce sont deux entreprises très différentes.

Pierre-Louis Biojout · Aug 17, 2026 · full quote
AI sovereignty and private AI together need to have or need to answer the following question. One, where does your data really reside? Two, who can access it and how and under what conditions? Three, which models can use that data or family of models? Four, can we move the worklo…

Sergio Gago · Jun 23, 2026 · full quote
The EU must nonetheless strengthen its sovereign ability to access, select, control, and benefit from frontier AI models.

European AI Office · Jul 15, 2026 · full quote
The paper further argues that open-weight models are the counterintuitive instrument of sovereign control: a government that holds the weights commands the capability on its own terms, without dependence on vendor policy, financial continuity, or personnel clearance.

Jared James Grogan · Mar 18, 2026 · full quote

Pan-European public capability

Some supporters call for shared European research and compute institutions to pool expertise, funding, and talent across countries. They argue that coordinated public investment can support trustworthy AI aligned with European values and deliver long-term scientific and technological sovereignty.

To remedy this situation, several proposals have been presented for an ambitious initiative that catalyses research and innovation around trustworthy AI solutions made in Europe and according to European values and principles.

Andrea Renda · Sep 4, 2026 · full quote
Establish and govern a large-scale, pan-European AI research and compute infrastructure (CERN for AI), pooling expertise, resources and funding across Member States to secure long-term scientific and technological sovereignty in AI.

Demos Helsinki · Feb 2026 · full quote
Insieme ad altri colleghi, ho proposto e firmato un manifesto per la costruzione di un centro europeo pubblico di ricerca sull'intelligenza artificiale: una specie di Cern dell'IA.

Giorgio Parisi · Jun 9, 2026 · full quote
The event also marked the launch of the “AI.grids” project, to develop EU sovereign AI models together with 48 partners including grid operators and research institutes to improve the management and planning of energy grids.

Directorate-General for Energy · Jun 4, 2026 · full quote
Artificial Intelligence is transforming our world, and Europe must take bold steps to ensure its leadership in this critical field. CAIRNE envisions a “CERN for AI”—a pan-European initiative that will create a distributed network of AI research centers, with a central hub serving…

Alexa Kodde · Jan 13, 2026 · full quote

Arguments against

Adoption over infrastructure buildout

Critics argue that Europe's main economic problem is weak tech-driven productivity and adoption, not its use of American technology. From this perspective, prioritizing physical buildout or protectionist decoupling over code and uptake could slow competitiveness more than it strengthens sovereignty.

However, Europe’s primary economic challenge is its anemic tech-driven productivity growth, not its use of American technology. Embracing protectionism will do nothing to remedy this failure, nor will it miraculously create new European technology champions, but it would further …

Tanya Nagrath · Jun 11, 2026 · full quote
trying to decouple wholesale from US cloud risks hurting European competitiveness more than it helps sovereignty.

Chris Stokel-Walker · Dec 19, 2025 · full quote
Europe should prioritize “code over concrete.”

Christian Klein · Jun 25, 2026 · full quote

Full-stack ambition is unrealistic

Some opponents say a full European alternative from chips to cloud to software is unrealistic and excessively costly. In an interdependent system, they argue, Europe should avoid treating a comprehensive sovereign stack as the path to success.

Governments are on track to spend more than $1 trillion by 2030 chasing a sovereign stack, the full range of hardware and capabilities necessary to deploy and operate AI infrastructure. [...] In an interdependent system, the question shifts from how to become independent to how t…

Jeremy Jurgens · 2026 · full quote
Proponents of a "EuroStack" argue that Europe must build its own alternative at every level — from chips to cloud to software. But this path represents a €5-trillion mirage. Attempting to decouple from the global tech ecosystem through massive subsidies and "Buy European" clauses…

William Echikson · 2026 · full quote

Open investment over exclusion

Others say Europe should expand AI capacity by attracting investment and preserving access to leading global technologies, not by shutting providers out or layering different sovereignty restrictions across markets. They warn that discriminatory procurement or many separate rules could fragment Europe and make software harder to build and deploy.

The EU’s ambition to triple data centre capacity is the right one. But the way to achieve that goal is by attracting investment, not shutting it out.

Mitchell Rutledge · Jun 3, 2026 · full quote
The Cloud and AI Development Act is a direct recipe for fragmented discrimination across Europe in 27 different ways, not only in public procurement but potentially also across thousands of private critical entities, from banks to energy companies.

Daniel Friedlaender · Jun 3, 2026 · full quote
We deliver a lot of value to Europe. Erecting walls that make it harder to use some of the best technology in the world, especially as it’s advancing so quickly, would actually be counter-productive. [...] If we have 190 countries with 190 different rules, it’s very difficult to …

Kent Walker · Feb 13, 2026 · full quote

Middle ground

Autonomy without autarky

A recurring nuanced position is that Europe should reduce excessive dependence without aiming for complete self-sufficiency. On this view, sovereignty means enough domestic capability, allied cooperation, portability, and operational control so reliance on others does not become a strategic vulnerability.

Strategic autonomy is the relevant concept. No economy is completely independent, but Europe must strengthen its capabilities to reduce excessive dependencies in key technologies.

Marc Murtra · Jun 3, 2026 · full quote
We must also work more concertedly with allies to develop joint sovereign capability. AI development needs to be part of an economic security reset with the EU, and we need to be able to participate in the Scaleup Europe Fund.

Anneliese Dodds · Jul 8, 2026 · full quote
AI sovereignty and private AI together need to have or need to answer the following question. One, where does your data really reside? Two, who can access it and how and under what conditions? Three, which models can use that data or family of models? Four, can we move the worklo…

Sergio Gago · Jun 23, 2026 · full quote
A nation reliant entirely on systems owned and governed elsewhere has accepted a strategic vulnerability.

Lord Raval · Jun 5, 2026 · full quote

Open ecosystem approach

Some voices support more European infrastructure but caution that sovereignty should be built as a broad ecosystem rather than a single closed stack. They pair regional control and long-term European compute commitments with openness to third-party models or outside investment, and warn against putting all the eggs in one basket.

On ne peut pas mettre tous nos oeufs dans le même panier : c'est tout un écosystème qu'il faut développer.

Roland Lescure · Sep 2, 2026 · full quote
Today, we are taking three concrete steps as we build the foundations of our customers' AI sovereignty: strengthening the reliability and regional control of inference, expanding access to third-party open models within that infrastructure, and bringing together enterprises and i…

Mistral AI · Aug 11, 2026 · full quote
The EU’s ambition to triple data centre capacity is the right one. But the way to achieve that goal is by attracting investment, not shutting it out.

Mitchell Rutledge · Jun 3, 2026 · full quote

Many participants treat AI infrastructure as a strategic issue for Europe rather than a narrow technology procurement question. The main dispute is whether reducing dependence on US providers requires a broad sovereign buildout of European compute, models, and institutions, or a narrower capacity increase that stays open to global technology and investment.

Cast your vote:

Results (91 votes):

Total (91 votes)

For 83 (91%) Abstain 0 (0%) Against 8 (9%)

For (81)

Christine Lagarde
President of the European Central Bank

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votes For and says:

Today, the companies are being built elsewhere. Last year the United States produced 59 notable AI models and China produced 35. France and the United Kingdom produced one each. Along the rest of the AI value chain, the picture is the same: the Unite...
more AI Verified source (Sep 14, 2026)

added 24d ago

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Douglas A. Rediker
Nonresident Senior Fellow at Brookings Institution, specializing in foreign policy and the global economy.

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votes For and says:

Reliance on American or Chinese AI could progressively constrain their choices across industry, defense, science, health, information, culture, and politics, leaving formal sovereignty superficially intact while weakening practical control over the s...
more AI Verified source (Sep 8, 2026)

added 26d ago

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Andrea Renda
Director of Research at the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), leading its Global Governance, Regulation, Innovation and Digital Economy unit.

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votes For and says:

To remedy this situation, several proposals have been presented for an ambitious initiative that catalyses research and innovation around trustworthy AI solutions made in Europe and according to European values and principles.
AI Verified source (Sep 4, 2026)

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Roland Lescure
French Minister of Economy, Finance, and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty.

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votes For and says:

On ne peut pas mettre tous nos oeufs dans le même panier : c'est tout un écosystème qu'il faut développer.
AI Verified source (Sep 2, 2026)

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Pierre-Louis Biojout
French AI entrepreneur; founder of NanoCorp and former co-founder of Phospho, a generative-AI startup.

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votes For and says:

La promesse d'« IA souveraine européenne » a discrètement glissé de « nous construisons l'intelligence » à « nous hébergeons l'intelligence des autres sur le sol européen ». Ce sont deux entreprises très différentes.
AI Verified source (Aug 17, 2026)

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Eugene Cheah
CEO and co-founder of Featherless.ai, an AI-infrastructure company.

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votes For and says:

We can’t just invest in software and hardware; we have to invest in sovereignty.
AI Verified source (Aug 14, 2026)

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Mistral AI

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votes For and says:

Today, we are taking three concrete steps as we build the foundations of our customers' AI sovereignty: strengthening the reliability and regional control of inference, expanding access to third-party open models within that infrastructure, and bring...
more AI Verified source (Aug 11, 2026)

added 29d ago

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European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU)
EU joint initiative with participating countries and private partners that pools resources to make Europe a global leader in supercomputing.

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votes For and says:

These facilities represent a major investment in Europe's AI future, strengthening technological leadership, resilience and strategic autonomy through cutting-edge AI computing infrastructure built and operated in Europe. AI Gigafactories, together w...
more AI Verified source (Jul 30, 2026)

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Masahiro Kurosaki

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votes For and says:

The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) sovereignty—a state’s capacity to develop, deploy, and control AI systems, including the data corpora, compute infrastructure, and model weights that constitute the AI supply chain, free from foreign dependenc...
more AI Verified source (Jul 28, 2026)

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Jose Carretero
AI policy and technology-governance contributor to the European Commission’s Apply AI Alliance.

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votes For and says:

Europe should not build excellent, secure and well-regulated infrastructure whose principal role is to host models developed in the United States or China. We must also retain the knowledge, capital, compute and institutional capacity required to tra...
more AI Verified source (Jul 20, 2026)

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Tsiporah Fried
Visiting senior fellow at the Hudson Institute, writing on technology, sovereignty, and international security.

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votes For and says:

Europe represents a third vision. Rather than controlling frontier models or relying on corporate self-governance, the European approach has focused on reducing technological dependencies, strengthening regulatory oversight, and fostering sovereign i...
more AI Verified source (Jul 17, 2026)

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European AI Office
European Commission body implementing and enforcing the EU AI Act.

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votes For and says:

The EU must nonetheless strengthen its sovereign ability to access, select, control, and benefit from frontier AI models.
AI Verified source (Jul 15, 2026)

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René Obermann
Chairman of Airbus; former CEO of Deutsche Telekom.

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votes For and says:

To use the most advanced AI models, we largely depend on non-European infrastructure, and not just for the software itself. At best, this dependence will increase our costs. At worst, it will restrict our access to the most advanced AI models, which ...
more AI Verified source (Jul 15, 2026)

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Anneliese Dodds
UK Labour Member of Parliament for Oxford East; former Chair of the Labour Party.

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votes For and says:

We must also work more concertedly with allies to develop joint sovereign capability. AI development needs to be part of an economic security reset with the EU, and we need to be able to participate in the Scaleup Europe Fund.
AI Verified source (Jul 8, 2026)

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European Union
Political and economic union

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votes For and says:

We will upgrade our unique public network of supercomputers into AI Factories and AI Gigafactories. At the same time, we are expanding Europe's computing capacity through the recent Cloud and AI Development Act, paving the way for a sovereign AI ecos...
more AI Verified source (Jul 7, 2026)

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Roberto Viola
Director-General for Communications, Networks, Content and Technology at the European Commission.

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votes For and says:

We will upgrade our unique public network of supercomputers into AI Factories and AI Gigafactories. At the same time, we are expanding Europe's computing capacity through the recent Cloud and AI Development Act, paving the way for a sovereign AI ecos...
more AI Verified source (Jul 7, 2026)

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European Systemic Risk Board
European Union body responsible for macro-prudential oversight and the prevention or mitigation of systemic risks to financial stability.

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votes For and says:

The ESRB General Board calls on the EU to scale up its capacity, expertise and strategic autonomy in this critical area.
AI Verified source (Jul 7, 2026)

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Willemijn Aerdts
Dutch State Secretary for Digital Economy and Sovereignty.

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votes For and says:

Nederland heeft alles in huis om een leidende rol te spelen in de ontwikkeling en toepassing van grensverleggende en verantwoorde AI: slimme ondernemers, innovatieve kennisinstellingen en een sterke chipindustrie. Door samen met Europese partners te ...
more AI Verified source (Jul 3, 2026)

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Government of the Netherlands
National government of the Netherlands, publishing its international strategy for a safe and responsible AI transition.

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votes For and says:

De Europese AI-infrastructuur is sterk afhankelijk van niet-Europese aanbieders, wat in deze tijd van geopolitieke spanning economische en veiligheidsrisico’s met zich meebrengt. Het kabinet wil daarom strategische afhankelijkheden in de wereldwijde ...
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Uljan Sharka
Chief Executive Officer of Domyn.

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votes For and says:

The next wave of AI in Europe will be won by those who own and control the intelligence at the heart of their business.
AI Verified source (Jul 2, 2026)

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Jörg Bienert
Co-founder of the German AI Association (KI Bundesverband) and managing director of the Center for Sovereign AI.

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votes For and says:

Digital sovereignty is not created through appeals, but through concrete infrastructure. Those who want to preserve European agency must ensure that government agencies, public institutions, and critical infrastructures can use AI systems without bec...
more AI Verified source (Jul 1, 2026)

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Sergio Gago
Chief Technology Officer at Cloudera who spoke at UN Open Source Week 2026 about accountable, human-centered AI deployment with incident reporting and community voice.

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votes For and says:

AI sovereignty and private AI together need to have or need to answer the following question. One, where does your data really reside? Two, who can access it and how and under what conditions? Three, which models can use that data or family of models...
more AI Verified source (Jun 23, 2026)

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Aidan Gomez
Co-founder and CEO of Cohere; co-author of "Attention Is All You Need" Transformer paper

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votes For and says:

This sentiment of renting AI from someone rather than owning it is a national security risk [...] You need to fully control it.
AI Verified source (Jun 23, 2026)

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Clemens Fuest
German economist, ifo Institute president

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votes For and says:

Europe controls only a fraction of the global AI infrastructure, but is a major user. While the United States accounts for about 75 percent of the world’s high-performance computing capacity for modern AI, and China about 15 percent, Europe lags far ...
more AI Verified source (Jun 19, 2026)

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Zach Meyers
Director of research at CERRE

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votes For and says:

Europe, Canada or other countries can be put in an extremely vulnerable position if they are cut off from advanced AI models.
AI Verified source (Jun 17, 2026)

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Martin Merz
President of Sovereign Cloud at SAP SE, the parent company of Delos Cloud.

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votes For and says:

True sovereignty is built, not declared, and together, we are showing Europe exactly how it’s done.
AI Verified source (Jun 17, 2026)

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Jean Coumaros
Chief Executive Officer of Bleu, a French trusted-cloud company.

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votes For and says:

Our AI infrastructure investment will allow sensitive organizations to access the most advanced AI capabilities, on their own terms under their own jurisdiction.
AI Verified source (Jun 17, 2026)

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Nikolaus Hagl
Chief Executive Officer of Delos Cloud GmbH, a German sovereign-cloud provider.

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votes For and says:

Germany and France are building the infrastructure that Europe needs to stay resilient, innovative, and in control of its own digital future.
AI Verified source (Jun 17, 2026)

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Le Monde
French daily newspaper; editorial board

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votes For and says:

Europe must chart its own course: investing in its capabilities, supporting and coordinating its champions, and taking control of its infrastructure.
AI Verified source (Jun 16, 2026)

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Against (8)

Christian Klein
CEO of SAP SE, Europe's largest software company

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votes Against and says:

Europe should prioritize “code over concrete.”
AI Verified source (Jun 25, 2026)

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